COOKIES TINGGI SERAT DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.) DAN BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea): RESPONS GLUKOSA POST PRANDIAL PADA TIKUS WISTAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/ujp.v5i2.1061Keywords:
Diabetes melitus, Kulit Pisang Kepok, Bunga Telang, Makanan Fungsional, AntihiperglikemiaAbstract
Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat secara global maupun di Indonesia. Pola konsumsi makanan tinggi gula dan rendah serat menjadi salah satu faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kadar glukosa darah. Inovasi pangan fungsional yang dapat membantu mengontrol kadar glukosa diperlukan bagi penderita DM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia, kandungan proksimat, serta efek cookies berbasis tepung kulit pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) dan tepung bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea) terhadap kadar glukosa darah post prandial (GDPP). Metode penelitian meliputi skrining fitokimia, formulasi cookies, analisis proksimat, serta uji respon kadar GDPP pada tikus putih jantan galur Wistar. Sebanyak 15 tikus dibagi kedalam 3 kelompok secara acak (kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, dan perlakuan). Kelompok perlakuan diberikan cookies 6,25 g/kgBB, sedangkan kontrol positif diberikan suspensi acarbose 10 mg/KgBB. Pemeriksaan kadar glukosa dilakukan pada waktu baseline (12 jam setelah puasa), 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan tepung kulit pisang kepok dan bunga telang positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan polifenol. Hasil analisis proksimat pada formula cookies kombinasi (F1) menunjukkan kadar serat sebesar 8,30%, protein 10,73%, lemak 21,48%, kadar air 22,22%, kadar abu 12,03%, dan karbohidrat total 28,29%. Profil kadar GDPP menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada kelompok perlakuan mulai menit ke-60 hingga menit ke-120 setelah diinduksi glukosa 4g/kgBB. Rata-rata kadar glukosa kelompok perlakuan (97,6±12,6 mg/dL) lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif (102,6±8,6 mg/dL) pada menit ke-120. Analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar GDPP berdasarkan waktu pengamatan (F = 45,992; p < 0,001) serta interaksi signifikan antara waktu dan kelompok perlakuan (F = 3,311; p = 0,032). Cookies berbasis kulit pisang kepok dan bunga telang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai makanan selingan tinggi serat yang dapat membantu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes melitus.
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