LITERATURE REVIEW EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN TOCILIZUMAB PADA PASIEN COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/ujp.v1i2.109Keywords:
tocilizumab, covid 19, interleukin 6, IL-6Abstract
SARS-Cov-2 merupakan virus baru yang mulai diidentifikasi pada Desember 2019 di Wuhan, Hubei, Tiongkok. Penyebaran virus ini tergolong cepat dengan gejala awal berupa batuk, demam, sesak, dan lainnya hingga dapat menjadi sindrom distress pernapasan akut. Pasien yang mengalami komplikasi Covid-19 diketahui memiliki korelasi dengan badai sitokin, yaitu ketika terjadi kesalahan komunikasi pada tubuh sehingga sitokin yang dihasilkan terlalu berlebihan dan menyebabkan kematian pada organ tubuh. Tenaga medis mulai menggunakan anti IL-6 seperti tocilizumab dalam mengatasi maupun mencegah badai sitokin tersebut. Literature review ini merangkum hasil dari penelitian yang telah diterbitkan untuk melihat keefektifan penggunaan tocilizumab. Berdasarkan penelitian yang terhimpun, tocilizumab merupakan obat yang berpotensi untuk menyembuhkan pasien dengan Covid-19. Angka kesembuhan setelah pemberian tocilizumab cukup tinggi, yang diiringi juga dengan peningkatan klinis serta penurunan biomarker inflamasi. Review ini juga menemukan bahwa mortalitas pada tocilizumab yang dibandingkan dengan terapi lain tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Pemberian tocilizumab perlu dipertimbangkan kembali karena adanya efek samping yang sering muncul seperti kenaikan enzim hepatik dan infeksi sekunder.
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